AIRCRAFT PART 1

1. Experimental Aircraft

In generic use, an experimental aircraft is an aircraft that has not yet been fully proven in flight. Often, this implies that new aerospace technologies are being tested on the aircraft, though the label is more broad. Experimental aircraft is also a specific term referring to an aircraft flown with an experimental certificate. The term experimental aircraft is often erroneously used to mean homebuilt aircraft. While most homebuilt aircraft in the USA have experimental certificates, there are many aircraft that are intended to be used for experimental purposes and are not homebuilt.

2. Airliner

An airliner is a large fixed-wing aircraft for transporting passengers and cargo. Such planes are owned by airlines. Although the definition of an airliner can vary from country to country, an airliner is typically defined as a plane intended for carrying multiple passengers in commercial service, and the Russian Sikorsky Ilya Muromets was the first official passenger aircraft by this definition. This airliner made its first flight in 1913, and thus began the industry of commercial airlines. The industry would slowly develop for the next several decades and would begin to expand at an incredible rate after World War II.

3. Cargo Aircraft

A cargo aircraft (also known as freight aircraft or freighter) is a fixed-wing aircraft designed or converted for the carriage of goods, rather than passengers. They are usually devoid of passenger amenities, and generally feature one or more large doors for the loading and unloading of cargo. Freighters may be operated by civil passenger or cargo airlines, by private individuals or by the armed forces of individual countries. However most air freight is carried in special ULD containers in the cargo holds of passenger aircraft.

    Aircraft designed for cargo flight use have a number of features that distinguish them from conventional passenger aircraft: a "fat" looking fuselage, a high-wing to allow the cargo area to sit near the ground, a large number of wheels to allow it to land at unprepared locations, and a high-mounted tail to allow cargo to be driven directly into and off the aircraft.

4. Military Aircraft    

A military aircraft is any fixed-wing or rotary-wing aircraft that is operated by a legal or insurrectionary armed service of any type. Military aircraft can be either combat or non-combat :

1. Combat aircraft is aircraft designed to destroy enemy equipment using their own armament. Combat aircraft are normally developed and procured only by military forces.

2. Non-combat aircraft is aircraft not designed for combat as their primary function, but may carry weapons for self-defense. These mainly operate in support roles, and may be developed by either military forces or civilian organizations.

Source : wikipedia.com